Hristo Petkov Botyov known as Hristo Botev, a Bulgarian national hero, revolutionary, poet and journalist, born January 6, 1848 Kalofer family of a teacher, writer and public figure, Botyo Petkov (1815-1869) and Ivanka Boteva (1823-1911).
From 1854 to 1858 studied at the Hristo Botev Karlovo, where his father was a teacher. Later he returned to Kalofer continue his studies under the guidance of his father, and in June 1863 graduated Kalofer three-grade school. In October of that year with Nayden Gerov went to Russia and is recorded as a private student in Second Odessa High School. He met with Russian literature came under strong influence of Alexander Herzen, Nikolai Chernyshevsky, Nikolai Dobrolyubov and others. Then makes his first poetic attempts. In September 1865 is excluded from school due to lack of interest in the curriculum, but also read many books and accumulate great knowledge. At the time associated more closely with the Russian revolutionary circles. In October and December 1866 was a teacher in the Bessarabian village Zadunaevka.
Following the outbreak of the uprising in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1875 under the leadership of BRCC Botev began preparations for an uprising in Bulgaria. For this purpose, Botev was sent to Russia to collect funds and weapons for the uprising and hence lead Chieftain Totyu. Premature outbreak of the uprising and its failure led to some controversy in the BRCC. As a result, in late 1875 he resigned Botev (this led to the dissolution of the organization), but did not give up his revolutionary activities. After the creation of the revolutionary committee Giurgiu Botev establishes contact with its members. In May 1876 he began editing his last newspaper "New Bulgaria", which managed to issue only one number. In May 1876, following news of the April Uprising, Botev began organizing activities for reading, becoming its chieftain. From Giurgiu gets a part of the ship's band "Radetzky" on May 16 and a day later, captain Dagobert Englender forced to stop on the Bulgarian coast. From Plant Botev's detachment headed to the mountains, passing through a dozen villages. However, very few Bulgarians joined the rebels, although expectations. Detachment lead paint pursuing several Ottoman armies in January. On June 1 [1] (20 May old style) 1876 is the last heavy fighting - evening after a bullet pierced the battle Botev. This happens at the foot of Mount House [2] in the Balkan Mountains. After the Liberation Day of Hristo Botev is celebrated on the anniversary of his death, May 20. With the introduction of the Gregorian calendar in 1916 the day is marked exactly one year since the last - on June 2, and this tradition is still preserved. At the same time, according to the Gregorian calendar anniversary of the death of Botev is 1 June The reason for this difference is the fact that 1900 is a leap up in 1916 used the Julian calendar, not in the Gregorian.
